20 February 2025
Geopolitical Struggle in the Middle East:
Oil, Zionism and US hegemony
https://youtu.be/Jk60uxkoDO4?si=kMsFlEh6ZESBOznO
Op-ed on this video "7 wars in 5 years".
This video is resumed at the end of this article.
The chaos in the Middle East over the past several decades is not a random series of conflicts, but a structured geopolitical strategy driven by three overlapping forces: America’s need to control Middle Eastern oil, Israel’s Zionist vision for Greater Israel, and the fundamental clash between sea and land powers as described by the father of geopolitics Mackinder and followers such as Spykman, and later by DebtCycle economist Ray Dalio. Understanding these drivers helps to explain the long-term instability, endless wars, and the inability of the West to establish lasting peace in the region.
1. America’s Strategic Need to Control Middle East Oil
Since World War II, the United States' global dominance has been built on the Petrodollar system—the agreement that oil is traded in U.S. dollars, which gives America financial leverage over the world economy. Any challenge to this system is seen as an existential threat to U.S. hegemony.
• Oil and the Military-Industrial Complex: Controlling oil means controlling global trade, as modern economies are dependent on fossil fuels. The U.S. has repeatedly intervened militarily to secure its grip on Middle Eastern oil—from the overthrow of Mossadegh in Iran (1953) to the Iraq War (2003)
• Energy as a Weapon: America has systematically destabilised energy-producing nations that threaten its dominance, such as Libya (which sought an independent gold-backed currency for oil), Iraq (which shifted to the Euro for oil sales), and Iran (which has sought to bypass the dollar through China and Russia)
• Pipeline Politics: The wars in Syria and Iraq were not just about regime change; they were about controlling pipeline routes that dictate whether energy flows east to China and Russia or west through U.S.-controlled allies.
By keeping the Middle East divided and unstable, the U.S. ensures that no independent regional power can challenge its petrodollar empire.
2. Israel’s Zionist Plan for a Greater Israel
While America’s primary interest in the Middle East is economic and strategic, Israel’s interest is territorial and ideological. The Zionist project, particularly under Netanyahu, follows a long-term plan to fragment and weaken its neighbours, a strategy outlined in the 1996 policy paper "A Clean Break".
• The "Seven Wars in Five Years" Plan: The U.S. neoconservative movement, aligned with Israeli interests, sought to dismantle and overthrow seven Middle Eastern governments that supported Palestinian resistance. Iraq, Syria, Libya, Lebanon, Iran, Somalia, and Sudan were all targeted
• Expanding Israeli Borders: By eliminating strong Arab states, Israel ensures that it remains the only dominant military power in the region
• Perpetual Destabilisation: Israel benefits from a Middle East in permanent crisis, as it prevents Arab states from uniting against Israeli expansion.
This strategy aligns with America’s broader geopolitical interests but has deepened the cycle of violence and made regional peace nearly impossible.
3. The Clash Between Sea Power (U.S.) and Land Power (Eurasia)
Mackinder’s Heartland Theory and Spykman’s Rimland Theory provide the strategic framework for understanding U.S. interventions. America, as a maritime hegemon, seeks to prevent any land-based power from unifying Eurasia.
What is important is control of the trade routes abroad, and a balance of payment surplus at home. If shared wisely, this will produce a broad-based prosperity and popular satisfaction at home.
A sea power hegemon uses its navy to control world shipping routes and ports, and these days space too. It contacts land powers only at the coast, the rimland. But for land powers, transport and trade across land means crossing borders and thus requires cooperation (banditry doesn't work). A sea power will foment insurrection to break up land powers in the hinterland and frustrate alternative trade routes. It will not allow local powers to dominate, but instead will seek to form alliances with peripheral rim states in order to contain the land powers. Think first island ring.
• Sea Powers (Colonial, Extractive, Disruptive): The U.S. and Britain have historically acted as sea-based empires, controlling global trade routes and using divide-and-rule strategies to weaken land-based rivals. Their interests are fundamentally colonial—extracting resources, imposing debt-based economies, and ensuring that no rival power becomes self-sufficient. The tendency is initially to the extraction of raw materials and industrialisation and a philosophy of free trade, then to outsource and globalise and assemble, finally to financialise the process with options, derivatives and buybacks, to federate by taking down borders in areas they control and treat people as interoperable economic units, regardless of culture.
• Land Powers (Collaborative, Self-Sustaining, Anti-Imperialist): In contrast, land-based empires like Russia, Iran, and China seek to create stability and cooperation through trade and physical infrastructure (e.g., China’s Belt and Road Initiative). This is why the U.S. has consistently targeted land-based alliances in the Middle East. The tendency of land powers, "mother earth", is to less alienating ways of generating wealth and more conservative human values.
• The Axis of Resistance: Countries like Iran, Syria, Hezbollah in Lebanon, and the Houthis in Yemen form what is known as the "Axis of Resistance." They seek regional self-determination, rejecting U.S.-Israeli control over the region’s resources and policies.
The Middle East is a critical battleground between these two forces:
1. The U.S. and Israel seek to weaken and fragment nations to maintain dominance.
2. Russia, China, and Iran seek stability, integration, and cooperation.
America’s ultimate fear is that the Middle East will pivot toward Eurasia, integrating into BRICS, the Belt and Road Initiative, and the growing multipolar world led by China and Russia.
4. America at the End of the 80-Year Debt Cycle (Ray Dalio)
Ray Dalio’s Debt Cycle Theory explains how great powers rise and fall based on their economic management. Unlike Mackinder and Spykman, who focused on geopolitical strategy, Dalio looks at long-term economic patterns and how financial mismanagement leads to imperial decline.
• The U.S. is in the Late Stage of Its Debt Cycle:
o Historically, dominant powers follow a pattern: they expand, accumulate wealth, overextend themselves through debt and military spending, and then decline.
o The U.S. has relied on financial markets, the petrodollar, and military interventions to maintain its position, rather than productive economic investment at home
• The Middle East Wars Are a Sign of Economic Weakness:
o initially, there was almost 0 income tax in the U. Yes. The government educated its people and helped with support on health and housing, from corporate taxes. Then, as debts built up and the gold standard was abandoned, government "privatised" this network (think student loans) claiming this organisation was socialist. Result: profits surged whilst wages stagnated, leaving people anxious as to how they were going to pay these additional formerly collectevised burdens. Instead of strengthening its economy through industrial or technological innovation and worker support, the U.S. has used military intervention as a tool to maintain global financial dominance and it has privatised its network support functions.
o Oil control, currency dominance, and war-driven profits have become the main economic engines of U.S. hegemony—classic signs of a declining power relying on force instead of innovation
• The Shift to a Multipolar Financial System:
o As Dalio explains, when great powers accumulate too much debt and lose economic competitiveness, their currency and financial influence wane.
o The rise of China, BRICS, and de-dollarisation efforts, alternative payment systems and currencies, signal that the global financial order is moving away from U.S. dominance
• Military Overreach and Imperial Decline:
o The U.S. has tried to delay economic collapse through military expansion, just as previous empires (e.g., Britain, Rome, the Ottomans) did in their final stages.
o But military power alone cannot sustain an empire when the economic foundation is crumbling.
In essence, while Mackinder and Spykman explain why the U.S. needs to control Eurasia, Dalio explains why its economic system is failing, forcing it to rely on desperate and unsustainable military interventions. The financial decline of the U.S. is now colliding with its geopolitical ambitions, creating a dangerous phase where economic desperation fuels reckless foreign policy, leaving the world in fear of nuclear war..
Conclusion: A Losing Strategy
The U.S. and Israel have spent decades redrawing the Middle East through war, but their strategy is failing.
• They have not created stable client states, only endless insurgencies and failed states and are now extracting wealth from their enemies using sanctions and confiscation, and from their competitors and allies (vassals) through protectionist policies
• Their enemies (Iran, Russia, China) have only grown stronger
• The "Axis of Resistance" is now more organised and militarily capable than ever
• The U.S. economy is in decline, and it can no longer sustain perpetual war.
The fundamental issue is that sea powers like the U.S. thrive on chaos, while land powers like China and Russia thrive on cooperation. Although china seems to be the main threat, the Middle East is at the heart of this struggle. If the U.S. and Israel continue their current strategy, they will only further weaken themselves, further alienate the region, and only accelerate the rise of the new multipolar world order that they fear, but that seems to be emerging around BRICS.
The future is not in war and destruction, but in regional integration, economic cooperation, and the end of Western imperial control over the Middle East. If Washington and Tel Aviv refuse to adapt, they will find themselves isolated in a world that is no longer willing to accept their hegemony.
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Jeffrey Sachs on Israel’s strategy that destroyed the Middle East
This article above is based off an interesting youtube video from Jeffrey Sachs:
https://youtu.be/Jk60uxkoDO4?si=g6d4eZUyJEuD2bzW
In this, Jeffrey Sachs presents a historical and geopolitical critique of Western interventions in the Middle East, arguing that these actions have led to chaos, endless war, and destruction rather than peace or stability. His analysis ties together several themes:
1. Systematic Destabilisation of the Middle East
• Sachs argues that U.S., British, and Israeli foreign policies have not only failed to bring peace but have actively destabilised the region
• He attributes this chaos to a long-term strategy initiated in the late 1990s and early 2000s to remake the Middle East by force, a policy largely shaped by neoconservative ideology and Israeli strategic interests.
2. The "Seven Wars in Five Years" Plan
• Sachs references a claim made by General Wesley Clark, who revealed that shortly after 9/11, a classified U.S. military plan outlined the overthrow of seven Middle Eastern governments within five years. These included:
o Iraq
o Syria
o Iran
o Lebanon
o Libya
o Somalia
o Sudan
• The idea was that by removing regimes hostile to Israel and U.S. influence, the region could be reconstructed in a way that aligns with Western and Israeli strategic interests.
3. The Role of Netanyahu and the Neocons
• Sachs criticises Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu as a driving force behind this strategy, citing his 1996 paper "A Clean Break" and his post-9/11 speech in Washington
• In this speech, Netanyahu advocated not just fighting terrorists but destroying the states that support them—an idea that became central to U.S. and Israeli policy
• According to Sachs, this vision has led to perpetual war, as the destruction of one state (e.g., Iraq) only creates the conditions for further conflicts (e.g., Syria, Libya, and now possibly Iran).
4. Consequences of U.S. and Israeli Policy
• Sachs lists multiple cases where Western-led or Western-backed interventions have resulted in complete state collapse, including:
o Iraq (2003-present): Ongoing instability, sectarian violence, and failed attempts at nation-building.
o Libya (2011-present): NATO-backed overthrow of Gaddafi led to a failed state and ongoing civil war.
o Syria (2011-present): U.S. and Israeli-backed efforts to topple Assad have left the country fractured and war-torn.
o Sudan and South Sudan: U.S.-engineered partition led to internal chaos, economic ruin, and famine.
o Somalia: U.S. interventions and proxy wars have left the country a permanent failed state
• Sachs shows how none of these interventions have led to peace, only war and more war.
5. The Greater Israel Strategy
• Sachs claims that Israel's long-term goal is territorial expansion, using U.S. military and financial support to weaken and fragment neighbouring states
• He points to Israel’s annexation efforts in the West Bank and its repeated military incursions into Lebanon and Syria as part of this larger strategy
• He also highlights Israel's recent military actions in Syria as a sign of escalation.
6. The BRICS Alternative: A Multipolar World
• Sachs contrasts the Western interventionist model with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which focuses on economic development rather than military force
• He argues that BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) are seeking a multipolar world rather than one dominated by the U.S
• He criticises the Western concept of a "rules-based order" as merely a cover for U.S. global hegemony.
Conclusion
Sachs presents a damning critique of Western foreign policy, arguing that:
1. The U.S. and its allies (particularly Israel and Britain) have pursued a deliberate strategy of perpetual war in the Middle East
2. This strategy has not succeeded in bringing stability or democracy, but has instead resulted in state collapse, mass suffering, and ongoing war
3. A multipolar world, led by China’s economic model and BRICS cooperation, offers a better alternative to endless Western military intervention.
Sachs ultimately sees the U.S.-Israeli neoconservative agenda as reckless and unsustainable, warning that continued intervention will only lead to further war and destruction.